- Leading University and Elements for Successful Leadership and Management: Harvard Experience
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The remarks have been organized into two main sections. The first contains a few points related to the current quality of higher education and research when viewed from an international perspective. The ways in which most higher education systems are structured and financed are highlighted. The prospects for future development and change in higher education are stressed.
In the second section, the author describes the special purposes and most essential characteristics of major universities of international standing. A university can be only as great as the absolute quality of its faculty evaluated by international standards. |
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The higher education in Asia is expanding its scale under the influence of higher education posture of the world. The tendency of popularization in higher education in Asia has emerged gradually, and the multi-level and multi-form structure of higher education including private educational organizations would form surely. The higher education in Asia is catching up the western, but it must be realized that the process would be expensive and arduous. The countries of Asia would be confronted with such challenges as the popularization in higher education, the shortage in funds and resources, the solution for the conflict of the expansion and quality, the supply of the education opportunity for women, rural population, population in poverty and of minority, the optimization for the allocation of higher education resources, the improvement for the management, the promotion for the fundamental research and applied research in universities, and the elevation for the quality of university teachers. |
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In the 1990's, Japan's society faced a new challenge of Knowledge Society in the context of Globalization. Japan's higher education has to address some of the structural problems on the one hand, and to meet the needs arising from the changes in the economy and society on the other hand. Subsequently, Japanese government proposed a series of reforms in higher education. There are three major areas for reform implemented in University of Tokyo. First is management, including institutional governance and finance. The present government initiative calls for more independent status of national universities and greater power given to the president. Although it is the direction generally deemed necessary, the government plan in details raises various questions. The second area is research. Among others, means have been taken to strengthen the relation with the industry and to enhance international networks. Third, education, especially at the undergraduate level, is one of the most significant missions. Yet, bringing up the quality of instruction is not an easy task in a research-centered university. The university has started some initiatives to improve undergraduate education. |
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The author discusses the theme of “University in the Twenty-first Century? First, he reviews the change of relationship between universities and society, the ways of universities echo to its own globalisation in the context of globalisation. The author also reviews different perspectives on the relationship between universities and government and society, points out the importance of universities to develop research and serve to society, and the high expectation from government and society. The author thinks over the values and disadvantages of universities?involvement in social action and driving economy, and points out the very importance of long-term planning, research collaboration, international mobility, and the combination of teaching and research. According to him, in the innovation and technology transfer, the universities must better deal with the relationship between science and technology and development, and the relationship between the universities and industry and business. In particular, the author discusses the complex relation between universities and industry, indicates the collaboration possibility and different essence between them, introduces some tactics of Oxford University. In the conclusion, the author comes out his idea on missions of the universities: explores the whole of the experience of mankind and its natural environment; brings up a new generation who can think independently and be responsible. The author believes that to limit the function of universities to driving the economy is to misunderstand the purpose of universities in society. |
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The talk contains two sections. The first section focuses on four essential qualities of a successful research university. The second is about nine jobs as a university president.
In the first section, the author indicates that the four essential qualities of a successful research university is continuous reconsideration of university work, dialectical relationship between teaching and research, academic freedom and flexible structure of self-governance and competition.
In the second section, the author describes that a university president has nine jobs including university president, CEO, trustee, fundraiser, educator, scholar in university service, public figure, social worker and entertainer. |
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Professor Gabriel Ruget analyzes the two modes of science research in his report, i.e. pure research and applied research. He thinks that the two modes could exist permanently in the condition of co-promotion. He also introduces the history and the roles of French universities, including the description on the different components of higher education in France, and puts forward the three university obligations correspondingly. And he finally introduces the development process of French higher normal schools and the general management at Ecole Normale Superieure de Paris. |
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The speaker mainly illustrates the history and pervasiveness of the multiple-campus system organizational model in use in US higher education, and explains that although pervasive in its use, multi-campus systems are not uniform in structure. The speaker, by using his own knowledge and experience in one such multi-campus system structure, the University of Texas System, illustrates key elements of such structures, and describes the growing process and critical components of the University of Texas System, the individual functions and interrelationship of its component institutions. Finally, he summarizes the typical multi-campus system advantages as well as critical requirements for an effective multi-campus system administrative structure. |
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The speech consists of two parts. Firstly, the speaker stresses the importance of the role of university in economic development. The speaker touches on how university research ultimately leads to economically useful innovations, how university instruction leads to increased human capital, how the study of public affairs leads to socially useful innovations and the importance of legal education and the law in economic growth. Secondly, the speakers shares his experience in alumni affairs and fundraising. |
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In the lecture, the author introduces the higher education system in California. The major feature of California higher education system is that most of the institutions are public institutions. In the system there are three levels from top down including University of California, California State Universities and California Community College. As the regent of University of California, the author also introduces that the function of the Council of University of California is to make decisions on important issues such as selecting the president. Finally, the author introduces ways money is raised in University of California. He points out specially that American tax system makes university get more beneficence because it encourages people to donate money to commonwealth enterprise. |
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Professor Colin Campbell thinks that universities operate in a global market nowadays, they have to promote their competence to attract more students, better staff and more public funds; universities should strive for the high-level or world-leading research and the best teaching, should introduce positive policies and methods to improve the fame of universities, meanwhile not lose themselves in the minutiae of the drive for market operation, that is the key for universities to success. He also explains the U-21 project, thinks that the education has gradually become a global market, we should construct the balance between academic, administrative and market forces at universities, should pay sufficient attention to the new opportunities for university development created by electronic learning owning to the development of information technology, and the challenges in quality assurance, equipment assurance and fund assurance etc. He finally mentions the roles of university presidents, and thinks that more decentralization in decision-making leads to success more. |
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Carnegie Mellon is an important and unique university in the history of higher education in the United States. It is only in a few decades that Carnegie Mellon has become a university of global prominence from a quiet and second-class university. Her success is due to its outstanding strategic planning. The speaker introduces the experiences in three aspects. First, the process, elements and role of strategic planning based on the principle of comparative advantage, in leading and managing Carnegie Mellon, including undergraduate educational programs. Second, Carnegie Mellon’s instructional change to reply to the tidal wave of information technology. Third, the new models and changing role of Carnegie Mellon in advancing regional economic development. |
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Abstract: Mrs. Anne Lonsdale emphasizes Quality Assurance in her report, and explains Faculty Development and Lifelong Leaning as the related subjects. She analyzes the necessity for quality assurance and the procedures at University of Cambridge that include the formal and informal, the internal and external concerned with teaching and research, and explains the faculty development at university and college levels. As to lifelong learning, she thinks that we must pay much attention to its influences to universities, must design the courses on the basis of individual need of students. Finally, she concludes that quality assurance is the inward purpose of universities, since good fame could attract good students and teachers, hence universities could promote themselves better; and creating a self-regulation atmosphere is more stimulating, productive and much cheaper than imposing endless rules. |
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Accreditation is one of the means to assure higher education quality in America. The speaker introduced the history of accreditation and outlined the challenges proposed by expansion of higher education, austerity of finance, development of information technology and the global knowledge-based economy. A Quality-Accountability-Cybernetic Capacity?model was presented. In this model, knowledge was defined as “fit the purpose? Accreditation is an approach to government-institution relations which periodically attempts to hold institutions or programs accountable for achieving their stated goals and to assess the extent to which established standards are being achieved. After illustrated the characteristics, goals, steps, and benefits of accreditation, the speaker ended his speech by presenting three approaches of quality assurance in America: quality improvement, performance indicators, and student assessment. |
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Abstracts£ºIt introduces the higher education in Germany, especially how to manage academic affairs and administrative work in a university, which includes the survey of German higher education, general situation of RWTH Aachen University, administrative and academic organizational structure, decision-making mode, cooperation between university and corporation, subject instruction, students services, academic staff development, professors appointment, finance and controlling, international communion, and so on. |
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Abstract: The lecture contains three sections including worldwide university change, three common “big problems?that are faced by universities all over the world and speculations on the future of Chinese higher education. In the first section, the author enumerates twelve changes of worldwide universities. And he praises specially that there are six changes in Chinese higher education system when it is developing at a high speed. In the second section, the author points out that austerity, inefficiency and inequity are the three common “big problems?faced by worldwide universities. At the same time, the author gives advices on how to solve these “big problems? In the third section, based on his own observation, the author brings forward six speculations on Chinese higher educations, which are also six advices. |
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Abstract: The rapid expansion of higher education in China requires to consider how effectively allocate resources. Based on cost-effectiveness analysis, the speaker discusses issues of goal-setting and strategic planning which are critical to university development. The speaker emphasizes on the importance of creating more productive institutions, setting incentives for performance and assessing university performance, at the same time he proposed specific ways to accomplish cost-effectiveness analysis. |
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Abstract: Professor Chia-Wei Woo emphasizes the types and management of university resources. He divides the main university resources into 6 types, i.e. human resources, infrastructure, financial resources, community network, academic alliance and international network. He thinks that universities should pay attention to inviting and retaining excellent members, they must be treated well; the practicability should be stressed for infrastructure management, avoiding repetition and waste; as for the acquisition of financial resources, he thinks governments are the main providers, and acquisition and management for the various funds should be improved; the development for the community network of universities should be stressed to form a harmonious environment; a complete academic alliance and an essential international network should be established. He also introduces briefly the types of universities, and thinks the different universities are all important to the society, and all the different type universities should be considered and managed. |
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University is the product through the change of time and era. Modern university has experienced many reforms and innovations in its mission and roles. At the beginning of the century£¬ people already come across many different things that they have never experienced before. Currently economic globalization is more and more talked about and become a trend for development. There are many factors£¬such as the competition for human resources£¬the way of capital transaction and the application of information technology£¬ and the exchange of knowledge by way of internet worldwide£¬ all come together that fundamentally change our ways of communication£¬ pattern of life£¬ pace of work and study. All of these will greatly influence the development of universities£¬ especially the development of the leading universities in the world. |
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Building up disciplines is the core of university development, it is the foundation of the three functions of university ?educating qualified personnel, research and social service. The disciplines should adapt to the international science and technology development tendency, and meet the needs of development for the nation and society, as well as take into account the situation of university itself, so that the university can have its own characteristics and academic level. It is impossible for any university to have the best resources in every area of knowledge. We would not do everything, but focus on the strong and promising areas.
This paper introduces the strategy of developing disciplines at Tsinghua University, and its practice and experience of adjusting the distribution of disciplines, developing the disciplinary superiority, speeding up the development of basic disciplines as well as fostering interdisciplinary areas. |
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With Zhejiang University’s practice as its reference, this paper discusses several issues related to the current internal management reform within China’s research universities. Based on the analysis of the three organizational models in China’s research universities, namely disciplinary, administrative and teaching, it proposes the concept of “disciplinary ecological management? which reveals important disciplinary characteristics such as interaction, growth, “peak making?and holistic prosperity. The paper also analyses the key points and directions for teaching and educational reform that would inspire students?initiative, calls for more attention to the basic “cells?of research organizations and the reconstruction of the research management, and elucidates the basic orientation of the reform of personnel and organizational management, which is characterized by human-centeredness and the integration of competition and mobility. In conclusion, the paper argues, from a new perspective, about the necessity of forming an open-to-society organizational structure and puts forward for consideration two new models. |
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Abstract: Teaching is the basis and at the core of education. In the 1990’s, through the reformations of training students?model, subjects, courses, teaching contents and constitution education, higher education of China has set up the systems of teaching and traininig students which adapt to socialistic market economy and the situation of whole China. Therefore, the model of training students comes to be flexible and various. Personality of students is fully developed. Teaching quality on undergraduate students is promoted to step forward. Morever, we realize that teaching reform is at the core of education reform. Teaching reform is a long-term task and a process to be deepened. To deepen teaching reform, we must realize and pay high attention to education and teaching pattern and change point of view accordingly under the guidance of advanced theory. |
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Abstract: No university in the world can achieve first-class academic excellence in all disciplines, but a first-class university undoubtedly has some disciplines which boast of their teaching and research merits. The goal of building up some first-class disciplines is attainable even in universities where, comparatively speaking, no sufficient financial resources or many outstanding staff members are available when the university authority has chosen the right disciplines for priority investment. In the report, we have summarized our experience in strengthening the key disciplines at USTC in line with the current personnel and the foundations laid by our previous endeavors at USTC and with the assistance of the “Project 211?and the “Project 985?Despite the fact that we are now facing some challenges like insufficient resources and an unfavorable campus location, we have taken some effective measures and guaranteed a rapid development in nano-science and quantum information science, which has received a highly positive response in and outside China. At the same time, rapid progress has been made in the fields of life science, information science and engineering science at USTC. Our successful experience can be summed up as: the wisdom to distinguish the strength of the existing disciplines, the courage to insist on the direction of university development and the capability to implement the necessary work to increase the potential of first-class disciplines at USTC.¡£ |
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Abstract£ºCharacteristics of university running are crucial for sustainable development of university, and the core is ideas for university running. Characteristics of university running are formed during long term of school running, and they interact with times and social development and obtain influences from factors such as geography, humane environment and university president. This is fully illustrated in the characteristics of university running in Xi’an Jiaotong University which have been formed over the past 106 years. With times move on, we should continuously summarize, inherit, take reference and innovate characteristics of school running. Confronted with rapid development of science and technology, economic globalization, trend of higher education taking part into the international competition in the 21st century, new mechanism and system with Chinese characteristics of university running should be established in the country, to improve competitive power of Chinese universities and enable them to become world-class universities or universities with high academic level . | |
